ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Energy efficient extraction of oil from waste custard apple seed (CAS) with the aid of acoustic cavitation

Nilesh L. Jadhav, Sourabh A. Karande, Amruta U. Badnore, and Dipak V. Pinjari

Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India

E-mail: dv.pinjari@ictmumbai.edu.in

Received: 15 June 2021  Accepted: 23 August 2021

Abstract:

Present study deals with the extraction of oil from the waste custard apple seed (CAS) using acoustic cavitation. The process parameters such as optimization of irradiation time, temperature, power of ultrasound, different solvents and seed to solvent ratio have been studied. For a comparative study, obtained oil from the acoustic cavitation method was compared with Soxhlet method. When power increases, fall in the extraction yield increases, and with decrease in temperature, the rise in extraction yield was observed. The obtained oil was characterised by the Fourier transformation spectroscopic analysis. The effect of acoustic irradiation on chemical and physical properties of the extracted oil was checked using differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis and compared with extracted oil by conventional Soxhlet method. The compounds such as oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid in the extracted oil were identified using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy analysis. Scanning electron microscopy had confirmed the cracking and microfractures of the seed surface which are responsible for cell wall disruption. The time required for the extraction oil from the CAS using ultrasound is only 10 min, while Soxhlet method requires 70 °C temperature and 4.5 h (270 min) of time to get the same yield. The amount of energy required for the extraction of the oil from the CAS using acoustic cavitation method is 84.51% less than the Soxhlet method. Acoustic cavitation is a novel, simple and energy efficient method for the extraction of oil from the CAS.

Keywords: Acoustic cavitation; Extraction of oil; Energy efficient; Custard apple

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01837-y

Chemical Papers 76 (1) 57–64 (2022)