ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Cu₂O/CuO@mont K 10 promoted one-pot synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles through azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction

Chandan Pathak and Geetika Borah

Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India

E-mail: geetikaborah@dibru.ac.in

Received: 11 October 2021  Accepted: 28 March 2022

Abstract:

A Cu₂O/CuO@mont K 10 nano hybrid material has been synthesized following a biogenic method using aqueous green leaf extract of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) as a reducing/stabilizing agent. The bulkier organic constituents of the leaf such as alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, etc. support the nanoparticles on the mont K10 clay matrix. The fabricated nano architecture was characterized by SEM, TEM, SEM-EDX, powder XRD, XPS, ICP-AES analysis, and BET surface area measurements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the synthesized material showed the co-existence of Cu (I) as a major species along with Cu (II) species in small quantities in the clay matrix. BET analysis showed that after insertion of Cu₂O and CuO nanoparticles into Mont K 10, the surface area and pore volume of Cu₂O/CuO@mont K 10 nano hybrid became 112.0 m²g⁻¹ and 0.209 cm³g⁻¹, respectively. These values are smaller compared to bare clay matrix, substantiating the successful deposition of Cu₂O and CuO nanoparticles in the matrix. The fabricated nanomaterial Cu₂O/CuO@mont K 10 exhibited surprising catalytic activity towards the “click” azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction for the regioselective synthesis of 1, 2, 3-Triazole. The reaction proceeds through a one-pot procedure via a three-component reaction among alkyl halide, sodium azide, and a terminal alkyne in water under open-air conditions. The protocol offers a simple way to access a wide range of triazoles containing both aliphatic and aromatic counterparts with good to excellent isolated yield (75–98%). The catalyst is truly heterogeneous, recoverable, and reusable up five times without compromising the catalytic efficiency, suggesting a future potential of the mesoporous catalytic system.

Keywords: Azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction; Bio-reducing agent; Heterogeneous catalysis; Cu2O/CuO@mont K 10; Hybrid nanoparticle

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02203-2

Chemical Papers 76 (8) 4749–4761 (2022)