ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Fabrication of a novel potentiometric sensor based on graphite/carbon nanotube composite paste modified by lead(II)sulfide for efficient determination of copper(II) ions

Gulhan Ogul, Fatih Coldur, and Osman Cubuk

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey

E-mail: fatihcoldur@hotmail.com

Received: 26 April 2024  Accepted: 19 September 2024

Abstract:

A simple fabrication route for an all-solid-state carbon paste Cu(II)-selective potentiometric sensor on the basis of composite sensing layer consisting of PbS microparticles, graphite (G), multi-walled carbon nanotube, and paraffin oil has been propounded. Optimization studies for sensing composite layer signified that the composite contained 10 mg PbS, 10 mg MWCNT, 60 mg G, and 20 mg PO exposed the most promising potentiometric performance properties. The sensor displayed a stable and selective linear response to Cu(II) ions in the concentration range of 1.0 × 10⁻⁶–1.0 × 10⁻² M (R² = 0.9992) with an average potential change of 30.2 mV/decade. Detection limit, response time, and life-span of the sensor were determined as 5.0 × 10⁻⁷ M, 15 s, and 3 weeks, respectively. The fabricated sensor was successfully used in practical applications, serving as an indicator electrode to determine the end-point of Cu(II) titrations and to measure Cu(II) content in Cu(II)-spiked tap water samples.

Graphical abstract

Keywords: Copper(II) determination; Carbon paste electrode; Potentiometric determination; All-solid-state electrode; Lead(II) sulfide; Potentiometric titration

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-024-03703-z

Chemical Papers 78 (16) 8719–8729 (2024)