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One-step preparation of porous copper nanowires electrode for highly sensitive and stable amperometric detection of glyphosate

Sujittra Poorahong, Chongdee Thammakhet, and Panote Thavarungkul

Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Centre

 

Abstract: A simple and sensitive amperometric method for the detection of glyphosate based on a porous copper nanowire electrode is presented. The porous nanowires were fabricated simply by a one-step electrodeposition using hydrogen bubbles generated during the deposition to produce pores. These porous nanowires provided a 1.4 times larger surface area than a porous copper film. After the fabrication process the porous copper nanowires can be applied directly as a working electrode with the same custom-built flow cell. The detection was carried out by measuring the oxidation signal of copper; this increased with the concentration of glyphosate due to dissolution of the copper from the electrode. Under optimal conditions, the responses of the sensor were linear between 0.010-5.0 μmol L−1, with a limit of detection of 10.0 nmol L−1 (S/N = 3). The large surface area of the electrode minimised the corrosion effect, as observed by the remarkably stable response (95 injections of 0.20 μmol L−1 of glyphosate were possible). When applied in order to detect glyphosate in fresh fruit and vegetable samples, the concentrations were found in the range of non-detectable to (0.104 ± 0.005) μmol L−1. These results indicated that the fabrication process can be used to produce a new form of working electrode for glyphosate detection.

Keywords: porous copper electrode – hydrogen evolution – glyphosate – electrochemical detection – Cu(II)-glyphosate complex

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1515/chempap-2015-0038

 

Chemical Papers 69 (3) 385–394 (2015)

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