Abstract: The microporous metal–organic framework [Co3O(H2O)3](ABTC)1.5·(solv)x, (H4ABTC = 3,3′,5,5′-azobenzenetetracarboxylic acid) Co-ABTC, with suitable pore space was synthesized by solvothermal reaction. Co-ABTC shows the spherical pores with a radius of 5.2 × 5.2 Å2, taking into account the van der Waals’ force. The specific surface area (BET) is 585.9 m2/g through N2 adsorption at 77 K. The activated Co-ABTCa shows the moderately high separation selectivity for C2H2/CO2 of 4.28 (298 K) at extremely low pressures by utilizing ideal adsorbed solution theory simulation. A new microporous metal–organic framework with optimizing pore space has been realized to exhibit highly selective C2H2/CO2 gas separation property.