ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Ultrasound-assisted and pressurized liquid extractions followed by HPLC-DAD for the quantification of quercetin, myricetin, and ellagic acid in camu-camu fruit

Evelyn D. Pereira, Daniel V. Cardoso, Marcia R. Fagundes-Klen, Gracielle Johann, Edson A. Silva, and Ricardo F. Zara

Chemical Engineering Course, Western State University of Paraná (UNIOESTE), Toledo, Brazil

E-mail: grajohann@gmail.com

Received: 31 October 2025  Accepted: 9 January 2026

Abstract:

This study aimed to develop a methodology for simultaneous quantification of quercetin, myricetin, and ellagic acid in ultrasound-assisted (UAE) and pressurized liquid (PLE) extracts of lyophilized camu-camu, using HPLC-DAD. The extracts UAE (water as solvent, solvent-to-solid ratio of 22 mL g⁻¹, 35 °C, and 20 min) and PLE (ethanol as solvent, solvent-to-solid ratio of 22 mL g⁻¹, 80 bar, 35 °C, 7 mL min⁻¹) were chromatographed on a Shimadzu LC-2030 C 3D HPLC column with 70% methanol in water (v/v) as mobile phase and visualized via a diode array detector. For all the samples, the purity angle values were lower than their corresponding purity limits, confirming that the method was specific for the determination of quercetin, myricetin, and ellagic acid. For these compounds, the linearity was greater than 0.99, indicating that the model was suitable for quantifying concentrations. The limits of quantification were 129, 262, and 122 262 µg·mL⁻¹ for quercetin, myricetin, and ellagic acid, demonstrating that the method was suitable for the quantitative determination. All relative standard deviation results were within expected values, showing intermediate precision of up to 8.0% between the first and second day, up to 5.3% between repetitions, and variability of 90 to 107% between analyses performed on different days. Finally, the extracts presented a concentration range of 5.99 and 14.56 mg 100 g⁻¹ for quercetin, 19.61 and 34.87 mg 100 g⁻¹ for myricetin, and 87.47 and 147.65 mg 100 g⁻¹ for ellagic acid. Therefore, the methodology has adequate accuracy, precision, and robustness for the quantification of quercetin, myricetin, and ellagic acid.

Keywords: Phenolic compounds; Quercetin; Myricetin; Ellagic acid; High-performance liquid chromatography; Diode array detector

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-026-04664-1

Chemical Papers 80 (4) 3961–3969 (2026)