ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Optimizing the performance of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Butea monosperma var. lutea leaf extract: applications in corrosion prevention, dye remediation, and biomedicine

Shweta Singh, Pramod Kumar Mahish, Raghvendra Kumar Mishra, Dakeshwar Kumar Verma, Elyor Berdimurodov, Akhil Saxena, and Ravishankar Chauhan

Department of Biotechnology, Government Digvijay Autonomous Postgraduate College, Rajnandgaon, India

E-mail: drpramodmahish@gdcr.ac.in

Abstract:

This study outlines an environmentally sustainable method for synthesizing silver nanoparticle (AgNP) using ethanol extracts from Butea monosperma var. lutea leaves at room temperature. The resulting stable, crystalline AgNP, with a wavelength range of 300 to 700 nm, demonstrates enhanced adsorption potential compared to the crude extract. Notably, these AgNPs exhibit corrosion inhibition efficiencies of up to 91.84% and 94.00% at 200 mg/L in a 1 M HCl solution, as determined through Potentiodynamic Polarization (PDP) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), respectively. PDP analysis indicates a mixed inhibition mode, where AgNPs, adhering to the metal surface, protect it from corrosive attacks by chloride anions. Surface morphology changes are examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), offering insights into protective mechanisms. To deepen understanding of interactions among corrosive species, active phytoconstituents, and the metal surface in a corrosive environment, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used. The study identifies likely nucleophile and electrophilic attack sites using the Fukui function and local softness indices. Additionally, the effectiveness of AgNPs against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Clostridium acetobutylicum, and Bacillus licheniformis) is in vitro evaluated using the agar well diffusion method. Furthermore, the study investigates the potential of AgNPs in dye remediation, showing increased degradation of crystal violet with higher AgNP concentrations. Micro concentrations of AgNPs also exhibit dye-degrading capabilities. This research focuses on the green synthesis of AgNPs, highlighting their applications in corrosion inhibition, surface analysis, biomedical potential, and dye remediation. The integration of experimental and computational methods enhances mechanistic understanding.

Graphical abstract

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-026-04758-w

Chemical Papers 80 (6) 6177–6203 (2026)