ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Optimization of smithsonite flotation using ZnO and Al₂O₃ nanocollectors: a definitive screening design approach

Mohammad Meshkini and Mahdi Gharabaghi

School of Mining Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: gharabaghi@ut.ac.ir

Received: 8 November 2024  Accepted: 9 April 2025

Abstract:

Conventional flotation techniques often encounter challenges when processing oxidized ores, highlighting the necessity for developing advanced or improved flotation methods. This study investigated the effects of ZnO and Al₂O₃ nanocollectors on the flotation of smithsonite, optimizing the process parameters using a comprehensive definitive screening design. Initially, ZnO and Al₂O₃ nanoparticles were synthesized and subsequently modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate. Successful synthesis and surface modification of these nanocollectors were confirmed through transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Flotation results demonstrated that ZnO and Al₂O₃ nanocollectors significantly enhanced mineral recovery compared to conventional collectors due to their increased surface area and improved interactions with smithsonite particles. Optimal flotation conditions were determined to be: pH 6.0, pulp density 7.0%, airflow rate 1.0 L/min, oleic acid dosage 360 g/t, ZnO nanocollector dosage 180 g/t, Al₂O₃ nanocollector dosage 250 g/t, and A65 frother dosage 17 g/t, yielding a peak recovery of 91.1%.

Graphical abstract

Keywords: Mineral Resources; Mineralogy; Mineral Trioxide Aggregate; Nanoparticle Synthesis; Nanosensors; Nanoparticles; Smithsonite; Flotation; Nanocollector; Definitive screening design

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-025-04060-1

Chemical Papers 79 (7) 4349–4362 (2025)