ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Synthetic methodologies for the construction of N,N'-diacylhydrazines: a comprehensive review

Pritesh Khobrekar and Sandesh Bugde

School of Chemical Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, India

E-mail: sandesh@unigoa.ac.in

Received: 23 April 2025  Accepted: 10 July 2025

Abstract:

N,N'-diacylhydrazines have recently emerged as highly effective compounds in the fields of insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, and larvicides. Furthermore, they serve as valuable frameworks for the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles. This review provides a detailed account of synthetic transformations involving N,N'-diacylhydrazines, highlighting the use of various reagents, catalysts, and oxidizing agents, such as oxone, sodium perborate, iodobenzene diacetate, dianisyl telluroxide, polymer-supported periodate, copper acetate, benzeneseleninic acid, (trifluoromethyl)benzene sulfonyl peroxide, sulfated polyborate, sodium carbonate, mercuric acetate, oxalyl chloride, ammonium acetate, potassium superoxide, molecular iodine, and 9-fluorenone. Additionally, it offers an overview of diverse methods, techniques, and reaction conditions employed for the synthesis of N,N'-diacylhydrazine derivatives.

Graphical abstract

Keywords: N,N'-diacylhydrazines; Nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists; Hydrazides; Oxidative coupling

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-025-04248-5

Chemical Papers 79 (10) 6405–6444 (2025)