ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Exploring Tamarindus indica seed's extract with Mg-doped nanoparticles for its effectiveness in fluoride detoxification and microbial control: optimization, characterization and antibacterial activity

D. V. Surya Prakash, Thanusha Punugoti, Boggala Reddemma, Pichika Satya Kedarnath, Tamirat Lamaro Bate, Shimeles Nigussie Abate, and Meena Vangalapati

Department of Biotechnology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, India

E-mail: shimelesni@wu.edu.et

Received: 4 May 2025  Accepted: 30 July 2025

Abstract:

Groundwater fluoride contamination is a serious global issue that impacts many areas, particularly in developing countries. While excessive quantities of fluoride in drinking water can have major negative health effects, lower dosages are beneficial for teeth. This study examines the adsorption of fluoride ions from water by tamarind seeds derived from household trash that have been doped with magnesium metal in the form of TAM SE-Mg NPs.The findings demonstrated that we investigated several elements that influenced the manner in which adsorption took place when employing tamarind seeds to extract fluoride from water. The defluoridation capability increases with temperature. Since the kinetic data consistently fit the Freundlich adsorption isotherm and pseudo second order kinetics, these models can be trusted to predict the behavior of the reaction and adsorption processes. The Tamarind-Mg extract was thoroughly characterized using SEM-EDX, TGA, DTA, and FTIR analysis, ensuring an acceptable identification and investigation of its characteristics. A well-diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial effectiveness of TAM SE-Mg NPs extract.The extract was evaluated against Bacillus megaterium and Streptococcus. At a dose of 5g/mL, TAM SE-Mg NPs extract showed zones of inhibition (ZOIs) of 1.05 ± 0.064 cm against B. megaterium and 1.19 ± 0.027 cm against Streptococcus. Ampicillin was used as a positive control in our experiment, yielding a ZOI of 2.01 ± 0.038 cm. The results of the variance analysis showed that the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was successful in eliminating sodium fluoride and that the model suited the data well. Studies show that tamarind seed extract (TAM SE-Mg NPs) is more successful in stopping bacterial development. Overall, Tamarindus indica Seed’s extract with Mg doped nanoparticles successfully applied for fluoride detoxification and hindered microbial activities

Keywords: Tamarind seeds; Adsorption method; Magnesium; Fluoride removal; Antibacterial activity; Optimization

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-025-04283-2

Chemical Papers 79 (12) 8369–8382 (2025)